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ISSN : 1225-0171(Print)
ISSN : 2287-545X(Online)
Korean Journal of Applied Entomology Vol.64 No.2 pp.81-85
DOI : https://doi.org/10.5656/KSAE.2025.03.1.060

First Record of the Pachygrontha similis Uhler, 1896 (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Pachygronthidae) from Korea

Geunho Jang1, Sunghoon Jung1,2*
1Department of Smart Agriculture Systems, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
2Laboratory of Systematic Entomology, Department of Applied Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
* Corresponding author: jung@cnu.ac.kr
November 5, 2024 March 20, 2025 April 10, 2025

Abstract


In this study, we report the Pachygrontha similis Uhler, 1896 (Lygaeoidea: Pachygronthidae) from Korea for the first time. We provide description, diagnosis, and photographs of genitalia of the Korean specimens with a key to the Korean species of the genus Pachygrontha.


Heteroptera , Lygaeoidea , Pachygronthidae , Taxonomy , The Korean Peninsula

한국산 미기록 Pachygrontha similis Uhler, 1896 (노린재아목: 긴노린재상과: 더듬이긴노린재과)에 대한 보고

장근호1, 정성훈1,2*
1충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 스마트농업시스템학과
2충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 응용생물학과 곤충계통분류학연구실

초록


더듬이긴노린재과의 미기록종인 Pachygrontha similis Uhler, 1896 (닮은더듬이긴노린재, 신칭)을 한국에서 처음으로 보고한다. 외부형질과, 진단형질, 성충 표본과 생식기의 사진 그리고 한국산 더듬이긴노린재속의 분류 키를 제공한다.


노린재아목 , 긴노린재상과 , 더듬이긴노린재과 , 분류학 , 한반도

    The genus PachygronthaGermar, 1837 belongs to the family Pachygronthidae (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea), which includes more than 40 species worldwide. It is the largest genus within the subfamily Pachygronthinae and can be classified into several species groups (Slater, 1955). Also, this genus is the only subfamily genus found in the Eastern and Western Hemispheres (Slater, 1955).

    The genus Pachygrontha, with nine and six species in China and Japan, respectively, in Korea only one species with two subspecies P. antennata antennata and P. antennata nigriventris is recorded (Lee, 1971;Zheng and Zou, 1981;Kwon et al., 2001;Péricart, 2001;Hayashi et al., 2016;Cho and Kwon, 2017).

    P. antennata antennata (Uhler, 1860) and P. antennata nigriventrisReuter, 1881 were classified as subspecies by Slater in 1955. These subspecies are identified by the first antenna segment length and pronotum length or width, but, females are indistinguishable (Slater, 1955). They inhabit grass fields near agricultural areas and mainly feed on Poaceae, and are known as one of the pests that cause pecky rice (Lee et al., 2009;Kang et al., 2019;Hwang et al., 2023).

    In this study, we report the species Pachygrontha similisUhler, 1896 for the first time from the Korean Peninsula. We provide descriptions, diagnoses, and photographs of the P. similis adult specimens and genitalia, with a taxonomic key to the species of Korea.

    Materials and Methods

    Details of the method of genital dissection mainly follow Malipatil et al. (2020). Terminology of genitalia mainly follows Yang (2007).

    Adult specimens were photographed using a Laowa 25 mm ultra-macro lens and a Canon EOS 90D.

    The examined specimens and genitalia were dissected under a microscope (Leica M165C). Images of the genitalia were captured using a digital camera (Leica DMC2900) and a capture program (Leica Application Suite version 4.12.0).

    Results

    Genus PachygronthaGermar, 1837

    PachygronthaGermar, 1837: 152-153.

    AtractophoraStål, 1853: 260 (syn. Stål, 1865: 146-148).

    PeliosomaUhler, 1860: 229 (syn. Stål, 1874: 139-141).

    Dilophos Montrouzier in Perroud and Montrouzier, 1864: 226 (syn. Stål, 1874: 139-141).

    Diagnosis: Body elongate and slender, general coloration ochraceous. Antennal segment I greatly long (male longer than female) and apex incrassate. Pronotum and scutellum with black punctures. Lateral margin of hemelytra non-explanate. Fore femora incrassate with denticulate. See Slater (1955) for detailed diagnosis.

    Pachygrontha similisUhler, 1896 닮은더듬이긴노린재 (신 칭)(Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

    Pachygrontha similisUhler, 1896: 264. Type locality: Japan (Froeschsner, 1999).

    Diagnosis. General coloration pale brown. Antennal segment III pale yellow contrasting with segment IV. Connexival tergites with black markings on segment V, VI and VII.

    Description. Body (Fig. 1) elongate and pale brown. Head dark brown with appressed hairs and punctures. Eye prominent more than anterior pronotum. Labium unreached midcoxa. Antennae infuscate; segment I brown with dark brown calli of apex; segment I and II brown, segment III pale yellow (sometimes, base brown), segment IV dark brown; segment I longer than other segments, segment IV shortest (male antennae longer than female). Pronotum pale brown, covered black punctures; center of anterior pronotum with pale stripe and each side a pair of large black markings. Scutellum black, covered black punctures with carinate pale Y-shaped. Hemelytra transparent. Corium covered punctures; center of corium with a pair of triangle shape black markings. Membrane transparent and uncovered abdomen. Connexival tergites with black spots on abdominal segments V, VI and VII (spot on segment VI largest). Legs infuscate; fore femora dark brown and incrassate with denticulate (four large spines lined up with small spines between each of large spines. Between of third and fourth large spines without small spines); mid and hind femora dark brown; tibia and tarsus brown. Dorsal opening pygophore (Fig. 2) anterior margin rounded, posterior margin broadly rounded. Left paramere (Fig. 3): inner projection small, outer projection undeveloped with several long and small setae, blade short and small. Phallus (Fig. 4): phallobasal conjunctiva transparent and membranous, and more 5 times longer than phallobase; ejaculatory reservoir elongates; ejaculatory duct undifferentiated; theca and thecal conjunctiva undifferentiated. Spermatheca (Fig. 5): bulb spherical; duct long, thick and twisted, basal part narrow.

    Measurements (Male/Female; n=2/5; mm). Body length: 6.82-7.04/7.39-8.00; maximum width across hemelytra: 1.83- 1.95/1.82-1.99; pronotum length: 1.53-1.58/1.66-1.87; pronotum maximum width: 1.74-1.74/1.84-2.02; pronotum minimum width: 0.98-1.06/0.95-1.03; head length: 0.94-0.96/0.72-0.83; head width: 1.14-1.20/1.19-1.25; interocular space: 0.73-0.74/ 0.72-0.79; antennal segment I: 2.41-2.88/1.82-2.12; antennal segment II: 1.46-1.85/1.17-1.36; antennal segment III: 1.23- 1.42/1.01-1.24; antennal segment IV: 0.83-0.89/0.88-0.94.

    Material examined. 1♀, Gung-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, 10.VII.2018, leg. Unknown, LT.; 1♂ Gyodong-ri, Jindo-eup, Jindo-gun, Jeollanam-do, Korea, 25. V. 2023, leg. G.H. Jang, sweeping.; 2♂4♀ Sodong-ri, Irun-myeon, Geojesi, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea, 4. VI. 2024, leg. G.H. Jang, Sweeping.

    Distributions. Korea (new record), China, Japan.

    Hosts. Unknown.

    Remarks. Pachygrontha similis is included in the antennatagroup (Slater, 1955). And P. similis is similar to P. antennata antennata and P. antennata nigriventris but can be identified by coloration of antennal segment III and black spots on the abdominal segments. The specimens used in this study were collected from mixed vegetation where Asteraceae spp. and Poaceae spp. were mainly dominant.

    Key to the Species of the Genus Pachy-grontha from Korea

    • 1. General coloration pale brown. Antennal segment III pale yellow contrasting with segment IV. Connexival tergites with black spots on abdomen segment V, VI and VII ··············································· Pachygrontha similis

    • - General coloration dark brown. Antennal segment III and segment IV dark brown or similar coloration. Connexival tergites with black spots on abdomen segment VII ····· . 2

    • 2. Male antennal segment I length more than twice length or width of pronotum ···················································· ······························ Pachygrontha antennata antennata

    • - Male antennal segment I length less than twice length or width of pronotum ·························································· ····························· Pachygrontha antennata nigriventris

    Acknowledgments

    This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIBR2023 04203; NIBRE202404).

    Statements for Authorship Position & Contribution

    • Jang, G.:C hungnam National University, Student in Ph. D.; Wrote the manuscript, collecting samples, morphological identification, taking pictures

    • Jung, S.:C hungnam National University, Professor; Designed the research, editing, revising, finance support

    All authors read and approved the manuscript

    KJAE-64-2-81_F1.gif

    Dorsal habitus of Pachygrontha similis (Male) (Scale bar = 1.00 mm).

    KJAE-64-2-81_F2.gif

    Pygophore of Pachygrontha similis (Scale bar = 0.10 mm).

    KJAE-64-2-81_F3.gif

    Left paramere of Pachygrontha similis (Scale bar = 0.10 mm).

    KJAE-64-2-81_F4.gif

    Phallus of Pachygrontha similis (Scale bar = 0.50 mm).

    KJAE-64-2-81_F5.gif

    Spermatecha of Pachygrontha similis (Scale bar = 0.10 mm).

    Reference

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    Vol. 40 No. 4 (2022.12)

    Journal Abbreviation Korean J. Appl. Entomol.
    Frequency Quarterly
    Doi Prefix 10.5656/KSAE
    Year of Launching 1962
    Publisher Korean Society of Applied Entomology
    Indexed/Tracked/Covered By