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ISSN : 1225-0171(Print)
ISSN : 2287-545X(Online)
Korean Journal of Applied Entomology Vol.63 No.2 pp.137-142
DOI : https://doi.org/10.5656/KSAE.2024.04.0.012

The First Records of Pemphigus populitransversus Riley, 1879 (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Eriosomatinae) from South Korea

Hyobin Lee1, Wonhoon Lee1,2*
1Department of Plant Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
2Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
*Corresponding author:wonhoon@gnu.ac.kr
February 22, 2024 April 29, 2024 May 14, 2024

Abstract


Pemphigus populitransversus Riley, 1879 collected on Populus deltoides Marsh. is reported for the first time in South Korea. Identification key of the genus Pemphigus from South Korea, species description, measurement, diagnosis, distributions, host plants, illustrations, and identification key of emigrants in the genus Pemphigus from South Korea are provided.


Pemphigus populitransversus , Eriosomatinae , Populus deltoides , Korea

한국의 미기록종 Pemphigus populitransversus Riley, 1879 (노린재목: 진딧물과: 면충아과)에 대한 보고

이효빈1, 이원훈1,2*
1경상국립대학교 식물의학과
2경상국립대학교 농업생명과학연구원

초록


본 연구에서 Pemphigus populitransversus 미루나무면충(신칭)을 국내에서 처음으로 보고한다. 이 종의 형태학적 정보, 분포지역, 기주식물, 한국에 분포하는 Pemphigus 속 종들에 대한 분류키를 제공한다.


미루나무면충(신칭) , 면충아과 , 미루나무 , 한국

    The genus PemphigusHartig, 1839 belong into the subfamily Eriosomatinae comprises more than 70 species worldwide (Blackman and Eastop, 2024). This genus is mostly distributed in the Holarctic and Oriental regions (Furk and Prior, 1976). Most of species in this genus are known to be holocyclic heteroecious between Populus spp. (Salicaceae) as its primary hosts and its secondary hosts such as Brassicaceae, Compositae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, and Ranunculaceae (Blackman and Eastop, 2024).

    Until now, a total of three species have been recorded in South Korea: Pemphigus dorocolaMatsumura, 1917 and Pemphigus matsumuraiMonzen, 1927 were recorded by Saito (1931) and Pemphigus bursarius (Linnaeus, 1758) was recorded by Lee and Lee (2023). In 2022, Pemphigus populitransversusRiley, 1879 was newly collected on Populus deltoides Marsh. (Salicaceae), resulting that a total of four species are distributed in Korea.

    In this study, we report fundatrix adults and emigrants of P. populitransversus for the first time in South Korea and provide host plants, distributions, species descriptions, diagnoses, and an identification key to the Korean Pemphigus species.

    Materials and Methods

    Galls including colonies of P. populitransversus had been collected on Populus deltoides in 2022. The samples were preserved in 95% alcohol and slide glass specimens were mounted on Canada balsam, following the method of Blackman and Eastop (2000). Images and measurements were taken by LEICA (DM3000 LED) and LEICA (CTR6 LED). All specimens were deposited in the Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University. The following abbreviations are used in morphological features: BL - body length from the head to the end of cauda; Ant. - antennae; Ant.I-VI - antennal segments, respectively; Ant.IVb - Antennal segment base of IV in fundatrix; Ant.VIb - Antennal segment base of VI in emigrant; PT - Processus terminalis; URS - Ultimate rostrum segment; HTB - hind tibia; 1HT - first tarsal segment of hind leg; 2HT - second tarsal segment of hind leg; GP - Genital plate; SIPH - Sipuncula; Co - Costa; Cu - Cubitus; M - Media; Pt - Pterostigma; Rs - Radial sector.

    Taxonomic Accounts

    Genus PemphigusHartig, 1839: 1, 645

    RhizobiusBurmeister, 1835: 87

    PemphigusHartig, 1839: 645

    AphioidesRondani, 1847: 439

    RhizophthiridiumHoeven, 1849: 509

    KessleriaLichtenstein, 1886: 16

    HamadryaphisKirkaldy, 1904: 279

    BaizongiellaBlanchard, 1944: 44

    DesifordaZhang, 1999: 621

    Type species: Pemphigus bursarius (Linnaeus, 1758) (= Aphis bursariaLinnaeus, 1758): 453

    Pemphigus populitransversusRiley, 1879 미루나무면충 (신 칭)(Table 1; Figs. 1-3)

    Pemphigus populi-transversusRiley, 1879: 15

    Pemphigus rubiThomas, 1879: 208

    Pemphigus transversusStebbins, 1910: 8

    Pemphigus canadensisDel Guercio, 1914: 151

    Pemphigus solanophila (Blanchard, 1944): 46

    Description. Fundatrix adult. (Table 1; Fig. 1)

    Morphology. Body rounded, pale greenish-yellow, 2.840- 3.280 mm; Head pale brown, weakly sclerotized, and with short setae; Whole Ant. pale brown, usually four-segmented, 0.323-0.399 mm, 0.118-0.140 times as long as BL; Ant.I 0.050 -0.060 mm, with 2-3 setae; Ant.II 0.064-0.071 mm, with 2-3 setae; Ant.III 00.142-0.160 mm, with 2-3 setae; Ant.IVb 0.084-0.099 mm, with two setae; PT developed 0.018-0.021 mm, with even five hairs; Primary rhinarium present on Ant.III and Ant.IV. Rostrum not reaching to between middle coxae; URS pale brown, 0.090-0.099 mm, with 8-10 accessory setae, 0.029-0.032 times as long as BL, 0.541-0.581 times as long as 2HT; Legs pale brown. HTB 0.560-0.656 mm. Tarsi separated to two-segmented. 1HT 0.056-0.066 mm. 2HT 0.160-0.170 mm. Wax gland plate present on abdomen; SIPH absent; GP sclerotized with transverse rows with 27-30 setae. Cauda weakly sclerotized with 9-13 setae.

    Emigrant. (Table 1; Fig. 2)

    Color in life. Body dark yellowish-brown. Head and thorax black, compound eye black. Ant. pale dark. Coxa dark brown. Femorotrochanter dark brown and becoming black at apex. Tibia and Tarsus pale dark. Fore wings transparent. Morphology. Body ovoid and plump, about 1.710-1.800 mm. Head dark brown, with short setae. Ant. brown, six-segmented, 0.565-0.612 mm, 0.314-0.347 times as long as BL. Secondary rhinaria narrowly oval, not encircling the segment. Ant.I 0.042-0.050 mm, with 2-5 setae. Ant.II 0.058-0.065 mm, with 2-3 setae. Ant.III 0.145 -0.165 mm, 4-6 setae, bearing 2-5 secondary rhinaria Ant.IV 0.060-0.069 mm, with 1-3 setae, bearing 0-1 secondary rhinaria. Ant.V 0.092-0.101 mm, with 3 setae, 0-1 secondary rhinaria. Ant.VI 0-1 secondary rhinaria. Primary rhinaria on Ant.V and Ant.VI with ciliate. Ant.VIb 0.130-0.144 mm. PT 0.028-0.034 mm, 0.208-0.260 times as long as Ant.VIb. Rostrum brown, not reaching to middle coxae. URS with brown, 0.071-0.075 mm, with 8 accessory setae. URS 0.472-0.503 times as long as 2HT, 0.541-0.581 times as long as BL. HTB 0.560-0.640 mm. 1HT 0.033-0.040 mm. 2HT 0.159-0.166 mm. Abdomen yellowish brown. GP weakly sclerotized with 23-27 setae. SIPH pores present. Cauda dark brown with 3-5 setae. Fore wings transparent, Pt rather narrow and brown. M unbranched, Rs curved, Cu-1a and Cu-1b slightly separating at the bases. Hind wings with two oblique veins.

    Specimen examined. 10 fundatrix adults and 12 emigrants from Populus deltoides (leg. H. Lee), Coll.# 220705HB-106, GNU, 1204-4, Bonsan-ri, Jinyeong-eup, Gimhae-si, GN (35.317775, 128.740780).

    Distribution. K orea (new r ecord ), N orth America, S outh America, Mexico, Chile, South Africa, Azores, New Zealand, and England. (Blackman and Eastop, 2024;Jones and Gillette, 1919)

    Host plants. Primary - Populus spp. (P. acuminata, P. angustifolia, P. balsamifera, P. deltoides, P. fremontii, P. nigra var. italica, P. tremuloides, P. trichocarpa), Secondary - Brassica spp. (B. oleracea var. italica, B. oleracea var. botrytis, B. oleracea var. gemmifera, B. napus, B. nigra, B. rapa), Coronopus didymus, Lepidium virginicum, Rorippa sp. (Brassicaceae) (Blackman and Eastop, 2024;Hałaj and Osiadacz, 2013;Jones and Gillette, 1919).

    Remark. Galls on Populus spp. (most commonly on P. deltoides) are green, when mature reddish shading, hollow globular-shaped, usually an open slightly transverse, formed by the twisting of the leaf petiole (Fig. 3).

    Key to Korean Pemphigus species on Populus spp. (based on emigrant)

    1. SIPH absent ············································ P. matsumurai

      • - SIPH present (small ring shaped) ·································· 2

    2. URS reaching middle coxae, length less than 0.08 mm (range 0.071-0.075 mm) ················ P. populitransversus

      • - URS reaching middle coxae, length longer than 0.08 mm

      ······················································································ 3

    3. BL 1.60-2.50 mm, PT well defined, 0.17-0.20 times as long as Ant.Vib ·········································· P. bursarius

      • - BL 1.90-2.32 mm, PT imbricated, 0.14-0.16 times as long as Ant.Vib ····················································· P. dorocola

    Acknowledgments

    The authors thank Dr. Shin-ichi Akimoto, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, for advising this research. This work was supported by a grant from the Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources (NNIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment(MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NNIBR20241204).

    Statements for Authorship Position & Contribution

    • Lee, H.: Gyeongsang National University, Student in Ph.D; Designed the research, wrote the manuscript, Collected and examined specimens

    • Lee, W.: Gyeongsang National University, Professor, Ph.D; Examined specimens and designed the research

    All authors read and approved the manuscript.

    KJAE-63-2-137_F1.gif

    Fundatrix of Pemphigus populitransversus (A, Whole body; B, Hind tibia and tarsus; C, Whole Antenna; D, URS; E, Wax gland plate; F, Cauda) <Scale bar: 1000 μm (A); 200 μm (B); 100 μm (C, F); 50 μm (D, E)>.

    KJAE-63-2-137_F2.gif

    Emigrant of Pemphigus populitransversus (A, Whole body; B, Fore wing; C, Whole Antenna; D, 2HT; E, Ant.V to Ant.VI; F, URS; G, Cauda) <Scale bar: 500 μm (A, B); 200 μm (C); 100 μm (D, E); 50 μm (F, G)>.

    KJAE-63-2-137_F3.gif

    Galls induced by Pemphigus populitransversus on Populus deltoides (A and B, Galls; C, Emigrant; D, Fundatrix).

    The biometric data of Pemphigus populitransversusRiley, 1879

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    Vol. 40 No. 4 (2022.12)

    Journal Abbreviation Korean J. Appl. Entomol.
    Frequency Quarterly
    Doi Prefix 10.5656/KSAE
    Year of Launching 1962
    Publisher Korean Society of Applied Entomology
    Indexed/Tracked/Covered By