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ISSN : 1225-0171(Print)
ISSN : 2287-545X(Online)
Korean Journal of Applied Entomology Vol.62 No.1 pp.21-27
DOI : https://doi.org/10.5656/KSAE.2023.02.1.073

A New Record of Nematus tibialis Newman, 1837 (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from South Korea

Jae-Hyeon Lee, HyoJin Jeong, Hye-Rin Lee1, Jin-Kyung Choi2, Gwan-Seok Lee3, Gi-Myeon Kwon4, Deok-Seo Ku, Tae-Ho An5, Wonhoon Lee6*
The Science Museum of Natural Enemies, Geochang 50147, Korea
1Restoration Research Team (Insects), Division of Restoration Research, National Institute of Ecology, Yeongyang 36531, Korea
2Department of Science Education, Daegu National University of Education, Daegu 42411, Korea
3Disaster Management Division, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54875, Korea
4Bio Utilization Institute, Andong 36614, Korea
5Jinju Girls' High School, Jinju 52746, Korea
6Department of Plant Medicine and Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
*Corresponding author:wonhoon@gnu.ac.kr
October 31, 2022 February 10, 2023 February 15, 2023

Abstract


In this study, Nematus tibialis Newman, 1837 (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), is firstly reported in South Korea. The manuscript provides diagnostic illustrations, diagnosis, color variations, development stages and distribution of N. tibialis.


Hymenoptera , Nematinae , Nematus tibialis , New record , South Korea

한국의 미기록종 Nematus tibialis Newman, 1837 (벌목: 잎벌과)에 대한 보고

이 재현, 정 효진, 이 혜린1, 최 진경2, 이 관석3, 권 기면4, 구 덕서, 안 태호5, 이 원훈6*
천적생태과학관
1국립생태원 멸종위기종복원센터
2대구교육대학교 과학교육학과
3농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원
4생물이용연구소
5진주여자고등학교
6경상국립대학교 농업생명과학연구원

초록


본 연구에서 Nematus tibialis를 국내에서 처음으로 보고한다. 이 종의 사진과 진단, 색 변이, 발육 단계와 분포 등을 제공하였다.


아까시잎벌(신칭) , 벌목 , 수염잎벌아과 , 미기록 , 한국

    Nematus tibialis is belonging to the subfamily Nematinae and it was native to North America and found in Western Europe, Japan, and Russian Far East (Roques, 2010;Maslyakov and Izhevskii, 2011;Hara, 2020;Kolyada et al., 2022). This species has currently known to damage Acacia and was confirmed to damage Robinia phseudoacacia (Kolyada et al., 2022). It also subfamily Nematinae has a variety of feeding habits including external leaf feeding, leaf mining, and gall forming, and feed on a variety of hosts (Smith, 2003). Generally, females oviposit along the midribs of leaves (Smith, 2008), and larvae are external feeders on leaves of the host (Smith, 2003), sometimes gregariously, sometimes singly. At maturity, the larvae fall to the ground and spin cocoons in which they pupate or overwinter (Smith, 2008). Adults occur in May and June, depositing eggs in association with the young growth of Acacia. Following egg hatch, the young larvae feed on expanded leaves, each forming a small hole through the leaf blade and resting along the cut edge; later, the larvae devour more of the tissue. Larvae are fully fed in two or three weeks, but the overall damage was not significant. Then, they enter soils and pupate in tough, dark brown cocoons. Adults emerge shortly afterward. A second generation occurs in the late summer with in favourable seasons, a partial third developing in the autumn (Alford, 2012). From this study, we observed that N. tibialis showed variations in their color development according to seasonal changes or temperature changes. In this study, we report N. tibialis for the first time in Korea with morphological variations according to seasonal changes for the species and providing information about each step of the species.

    Materials and Methods

    Materials examined in this study were collected by Malaise trap from 2017 to 2022 Which were installed in sites of SMNE in Geochang (Fig. 1). It also collected from Sacheon, Goesan (Cheonghwasan Mt.), Gochang, and Andong in South Korea. The collected samples were stored in 99% alcohol and the microscope used to photograph morphological features for species is Leica M205.

    Abbreviations as follows: SMNE, the Science Museum of Natural Enemies, Geochang; GB, Gyeongsangbuk-do; GN Gyeongsangnam-do; CB, Chungcheongbuk-do; JB Jeollabukdo; GB, Gyeongsangbuk-do.

    Taxonomic Accounts

    Family Tenthredinidae Latreille, 1802

    Subfamily Nematinae Thomson, 1871

    Nematus tibialisNewman, 1873 아까시잎벌(신칭) (Fig. 2)

    Nematus tibialisNewman, 1837: 260; Benson, 1958: 223; Smith, 1979: 69; Darling and Smith, 1985: 225; Liston, 2011: 190; Ichikawa, 2015: 22.

    Nematus hortensisHartig, 1837: 195.

    Nematus trilineatusNorton, 1867: 215.

    Nematus similarisNorton, 1880: 224; Comstock, 1880: 222; Dyar, 1895: 301.

    Pteronidea tibialis:Enslin, 1916: 432.

    Pteronidea trilineata:Lorenz and Kraus, 1957: 231.

    Hypolaepus (Pteronidea) tibialis:Lacourt, 1999: 143.

    Euura tibialis:Hara, 2019: 75; Hara, 2020: 88, 348.

    Nematus tibialis, Kolyada et al., 2022: 215-218.

    Diagnosis. Body length 5.2-7 mm. Head in dorsal view 1.4- 1.6 times as broad as long. Wings fully developed. Ovipositor is longer than two basal tarsomeres of hind tarsus. fore wing length 4.8 mm. Antenna 4.8 mm long and dark-brown all over. Whole body is yellow and legs with black on the vertex, mesoscutum, hind tibia and tarsus.

    Material examined. [KOREA] (CB) Samson, Cheongcheon, Goesan, Malaise Trap, 17.VIII-5.X.2021, 1 female -coll. SMNE; (JB) Seongnae, Gochang, Malaise Trap, 30.VI-14.VII.2021, 6 females -coll. SMNE; (GB) Daehyeon, Bukhu, Andong, Malaise Trap, -coll. SMNE, 20.IV-V.04.2020, 4 females, 18.V-02.VI. 2020, 1 female, 15.VI-29.VI.2020, 2 females, 29.VI-VII.14. 2020, 5 females, 21.VII-28.VII.2020, 2 females, 10.VIII-24. VIII.2020, 4 females, 31.V-16.VI.2021, 1 female, 16.VI-31. VI.2021, 4 females, 13.VII-28.VII.2021, 1 female, 01.IX-16. IX.2021, 1 females, 16.IX-28.IX.2021, 1 females, 01.X-15.X. 2021, 3 females -coll. SMNE; (GN) Geochang, Science Museum Natural Enemy, Malaise Trap, 02.VI-16.VI.2020, 144 females, 16.VI-30.VI.2020, 61 females, 01.VII-15.VII.2020, 121 females, 16.VII-04.VIII.2020, 12 females, 04.VIII-16.VIII.2020, 11 females, 16.VIII-04.IX.2020, 19 females, 04.IX-16.IX.2020, 16 females, 06.X-16.X.2020, 3 females, 16.X-06.XI.2020, 4 females, 06.XI-12.XII.2020, 1 female; coll. Ku Deokseo, Lee Jaehyeon; same locality, 05.V-20.V.2021, 51 females, 20.V- 03.VI.2021. 12 females, 03.VI-16.VI.2021, 113 females, 16. VI-30.VI.2021, 73 females, 30.VI-14.VII.2021, 221 females, 14.VII-30.VII.2021, 17 females, 30.VII-11.VIII.2021, 2 females, 11.VIII-25.VIII.2021, 1 female, 25.VIII-23.IX.2021, 3 females, 23.IV-07.V.2022, 1 female, 07.V-21.V.2021, 8 females, 21.V- 04.VI.2022, 20 females, 04.VI-18.VI.2022, 79 females; coll. Ku Deokseo, Lee Jaehyeon, Jeong Hyojin -coll. SMNE.

    Distribution. Korea (new record), North America, Japan, Russian Far east, and Europe.

    Host Plant.Robinia pseudoacacia (Kolyada et al., 2022)

    Ecology. This species fables from eggs through pupa processes to adult insects. When they hatch, the female lay eggs on the leaves of Robinia pseudoacacia and begin to grind and eat them (Fig. 3). In most cases, pupae fall to the ground and open cocoons, and in this experiment, they were photographed from eggs before adult to pupa stage, and the complete pupa was not photographed, each providing a cycle as a picture (Fig. 4).

    Color variation. The patterns of scutellum, propodum, and gaster were different according to the seasonal changes of this species (Fig. 5). When the pattern first appeared, the pattern was dark black, and as winter approached, the pattern was lighter, and it is believed that the pattern of this species changes according to temperature changes. The individuals collected in the month are not generally characterized, but some of the objects with severe variations were selected (Fig. 5E and 5F).

    Number of populations. It provides the area where Nematus tibialis identified in this study was collected (Fig. 6). And we provide the following populations by period collected from 2017 to 2022 in SMNE, but not 2019. Although it has been steadily investigated since 2017, the first time it appeared was in June 2020, and the most collected time was from June 30 to July 14, 2021(Fig. 7). In the occasional Andong-si, it was also caught through night collection.

    Discussion

    We've been collecting a lot of insects over the years by installing Malaise traps, and N. tibialis has been discovered since 2020. N. tibialis changed the colors of scutellum, propodum, and gaster according to the seasonal flow. We also registered DNA information on this species with the NCBI (Accession number : KC974415).

    Acknowledgements

    This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIBR202203201), 5th National Ecosystem Survey of National Institute of Ecology (NIE), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIE-A-2021-01) and Honam National Institute of Biological Resources (HNIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea (HNIBR202101101).

    KJAE-62-1-21_F1.gif

    Malaise trap installed in SMNE.

    KJAE-62-1-21_F2.gif

    Nematus tibialis, A, Habitus, dorsal view; B, Head, frontal view; C, Head, dorsal view; D, Fore wing; E, Antenna.

    KJAE-62-1-21_F3.gif

    Nematus tibialis on Robinia pseudoacacia.

    KJAE-62-1-21_F4.gif

    The stage of development of Nematus tibialis, A, egg; B, 1st instar larva; C, 2nd instar larva; D, 3rd instar larva; E, 4th instar larva; F, prepupa.

    KJAE-62-1-21_F5.gif

    Color variations of Nematu tibialis.

    KJAE-62-1-21_F6.gif

    Collection sites of Nematus tibialis in South Korea.

    KJAE-62-1-21_F7.gif

    Number of individuals collected by Nematus tibialis by period in SMNE.

    Reference

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    Vol. 40 No. 4 (2022.12)

    Journal Abbreviation Korean J. Appl. Entomol.
    Frequency Quarterly
    Doi Prefix 10.5656/KSAE
    Year of Launching 1962
    Publisher Korean Society of Applied Entomology
    Indexed/Tracked/Covered By