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ISSN : 1225-0171(Print)
ISSN : 2287-545X(Online)
Korean Journal of Applied Entomology Vol.61 No.2 pp.313-318
DOI : https://doi.org/10.5656/KSAE.2022.05.0.034

The Genus Cameraria Chapman, 1902 (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae: Lithocolletinae), New to Korea

Da-Som Kim, Neung-Ho Ahn1, Bong-Kyu Byun2*
Basic Science Division, National Science Museum of Korea, Daejeon 34143, Korea
1Genetic Resources Information Center, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea
2Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Hannam University, Daejeon 34054, Korea
*Corresponding author:bkbyun@hnu.kr
April 25, 2022 May 14, 2022 May 17, 2022

Abstract


In this study, the genus Cameraria Chapman, 1902 belonging to the family Gracillariidae is reported for the first time from Korea, with three newly recorded species, Camerariaacericola Kumata, 1963, C. hikosanensis Kumata, 1963 and C. niphonica Kumata, 1963. All the known Korean species are enumerated with their available information. Adults and genitalia of all species are redescribed and illustrated.


Lithocolletinae , New record , Leaf-miner , Cameraria , Taxonomy

한국미기록 Cameraria屬 (나비目: 가는나방科: 가는나방亞科)의 3未記錄種 보고

김 다솜, 안 능호1, 변 봉규2*
국립중앙과학관 기초과학과
1국립생물자원관 유전자원정보관리센터
2한남대학교 생명시스템과학과

초록


본 연구를 통해 가는나방과의 Cameraria屬이 우리나라에서 처음으로 보고되며, 본 屬의 3종 <Camerariaacericola Kumata, 1963 (털고로쇠 가는나방), C. hikosanensis Kumata, 1963 (덜꿩나무가는나방) 및 C. niphonica Kumata, 1963 (청시닥가는나방)>이 한국미기록종으로 기록된 다. 본 연구에서 보고되는 모든 종에 대한 분류 및 기주식물 정보를 종합하여 정리하였으며 성충 및 생식기의 특징을 도해와 함께 재기재하였다.


가는나방아과 , 미기록종 , 잠엽성 , Cameraria속 , 분류학

    In Korea, 74 species belonging to 16 genera of the family Gracillariidae have been reported to date (Byun et al., 2009;Shin et al., 2015;Kim and Byun, 2016, 2017, 2019, 2022;Lee et al., 2017;Lee and Jeun, 2022). The genus CamerariaChapman, 1902 is one of the smaller genera in the subfamily Lithocolletinae, comprising only 100 species worldwide (De Prins and De Prins, 2006-2021). All members of the genus are distributed exclusively in the Afrotropical, Nearctic, Oriental, and Palearctic regions (De Prins and De Prins, 2006-2021). Sometimes, the leaf-miners appear as an important economic pest with their economical traits to mine into leaves during their larval stage. For example, Camerariaohridella is the most famous insect, which causes significant damage to horse chestnut trees in Europe (Deschka and Dimic, 1986).

    The aim of the present study is to report the genus Cameraria for the first time from Korea with three newly recorded species, including brief redescription and illustration.

    Materials and Methods

    The specimens examined in this study were deposited in the Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Hannam University, Daejeon, Korea (HNUSEL). Male and female genitalia were dissected and mounted with Euparal solution, following the procedure described in Holloway et al. (1987). Images of the adults were taken using a digital camera (Canon EOS 600D, Canon Inc., Ota, Tokyo, Japan) and images of genitalia were captured using a digital camera attached on the microscope, LEICA M205C (Ⓒ Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, Hesse, Germany) and refined in Photoshop CS5 software.

    Abbreviations in this study for locality in Korea are as follows: GG (Gyeonggi-do), GB (Gyeongsangbuk-do), CN (Chungcheongnam-do), JB (Jeollabuk-do), JN (Jeollanam-do), TL (Type locality), TD (Type depository).

    Also, the specimen depositories in this study were examined from the following institutes:

    • EIHU Entomological Institute, Hokkaido University, Japan

    • ELKU Entomological Laboratory Kyusyu University, Japan

    • HNUSEL Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Hannam University, Korea

    • INU Department of Life Sciences, Incheon National University, Korea

    • KNAE Korea National Insect Collection, Korea National Arboretum, Korea

    Systematic Accounts

    Order Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758

    Family Gracillariidae

    Subfamily LithocolletinaeStainton, 1854

    Genus CamerariaChapman, 1902

    CamerariaChapman, 1902: 141.

    Type species: Lithocolletis guttifinitellaClemens, 1859

    Diagnosis. The CamerariaChapman, 1902 is distinguished from other genera of Lithocolletinae by the outer black edges of white fascia on forewing and simple aedeagus with distinct broaden base.

    Taxonomic Key to the Species of the Genus Cameraria in Korea

    • 1. Second white fascia of forewing straight to dorsum ······· ················································· Camerariahikosanensis

    • Second white fascia of forewing not straight to dorsum ··· ···················································································· 2

    • 2. Dorsal stria near apical part curved and extend to apically; 9th sternite of male genitalia with highly bifurcated apical part ···························································· C. niphonica

    • Dorsal stria near apical part curved to apically and do not extended; 9th sternite of male genitalia not bifurcated apical part ··················································· C. acericola

    CamerariaacericolaKumata, 1963 털고로쇠가는나방 (신칭) (Fig. 1A, 2A)

    CamerariaacericolaKumata, 1963: 33-35. TL: Hokkaidō, Japan. TD: EIHU (Holotype; Paratypes).

    Adult (Fig. 1A). Wingspan 7.0 mm. Head pure white, smooth with a tuft of erected ochreous scales on occiput; frons and face pure white; labial palpus white and porrect; antenna slightly shorter than forewing, ochreous with fuscous spots on dorsally; scape whitish with a fuscous spot dorsally. Thorax mixed with ochreous, silvery gray and white; legs silvery gray and white with fuscous apical bands; fore coxa dark silvery gray; fore femur fuscous ventrally and whitish dorsally; fore tarsus white with two fuscous bands on first segments, one medially and the last one most broaden; middle and hind legs pure white with distinctive fuscous apical bands; hind tibia white with an ochreous broad band subapically, and a tuft of long bristles along laterally.

    Forewing ground color ochreous with white costal and dorsal fascia, edged blackish lines posteriorly; a median basal streak white, as long as 1/9 of forewing; a costal white spots on 1/3 to base as opposite dorsal fascia; first dorsal fascia longitudinally extend to 1/4 of forewing from dorsum to costal and curved to outward; a median costal fascia extend to 1/3 of forewing from costal, curved to outward and meet with second dorsal fascia; apical costal fascia at 3/4 to base, highly curved to outward and meet with third dorsal fascia at middle; an apical stria meet with apical costal fascia and third dorsal fascia at one point, and also blackish dorsal stria; cilia long and pale ochreous with a black line on tornus.

    Male genitalia (Fig. 2A). Tegumen short, reduced and slightly curled; subscaphium with many of tiny spinules. Valva narrow and slender at base to nearly median part, dilated to apically and apical part fist-shaped; long and slender setae densely apically except for median to base, and 3-5 of short and stout setae on basal costal part. Vinculum elongated and narrow without saccus. Aedeagus bar-shaped and narrowed to apically with broaden and membranous base.

    Female genitalia. Unknown.

    Material examined. [GG] 1♂, Korea National Arboretum, Gwangneung, 14 vi 2018 (leg. BS Park, YM Shin, SW Jo, W Ki), gen. slide no. HNUSEL-5650-coll. KNAE; [JB] 1♂, Jangsu-gun, Beonam-myeon, Saam-ri, Banghwadong recreational forest, 24 v 2012 (leg. NH Ahn, JJ Park), gen. slide no. HNUSEL-5656-coll. HNUSEL.

    Distribution. Korea (new record), Japan, Russia.

    Host plants.Carpinus cordata Blume [Betulaceae] in Korea (in this study). Acer pictum Thunb. ex Murray [Sapindaceae] in Japan (Kumata, 1963; De Prins and De Prins, 2006-2021). A. pseudosieboldianum (Pax) Kom. [Sapindaceae] in Russia (Ermolaev, 1977; De Prins and De Prins, 2006-2021).

    Remarks. This species reared from Carpinus cordata Blume of the family Betulaceae in this study.

    CamerariahikosanensisKumata, 1963 덜꿩나무가는 나방 (신칭) (Fig. 1B, 2B)

    CamerariahikosanensisKumata, 1963: 43-45. TL: Kyūshū, Japan. TD: ELKU (Holotype); ELKU, EIHU (Paratypes).

    Adult (Fig. 1B). Wingspan 6.0 mm. Head smooth with silvery white and ochreous scales; occiput with erected ochreous scales; frons and face pure white; maxillary palpus very small and reduced; labial palpus white; antenna silvery pale ochreous dorsally and silvery white ventrally; scape of antenna white. Thorax silvery gray on middle, fuscous at base and whitish laterally; legs white with fuscous bands.

    Forewing ground color ochreous with white fasciae; a median basal streak extend 1/6 to base and slightly oblique to costa; first white fascia at 1/3 to base, slightly oblique to outward and shortly narrowed at 1/3 to dorsum; second white fascia at a half of forewing slightly oblique to outward, more straight than first one and an outer blackish edge disappearing at middle; an apical costal stria at 3/4 to base without black edges; a dorsal fascia curved to apically; two short white stria at apex.

    Male genitalia (Fig. 2B). Tegumen as long as 9th sternite and narrowed to apically with two pair of slender setae. Valva arm-shaped with biceps, swollen at base to median part and rapidly narrowed apically; short and slender setae near base sparsely and strong and long setae apically. Vinculum and saccus somewhat reduced. Aedeagus bar-shaped with largely broaden to ovate and narrowed apically. 9th sternite flap-like with bifurcated apical part.

    Female genitalia. Unknown.

    Material examined. [CN] 1♂, Anmyeondo-Natural Recreation Forest, near, Seungeon-ri, Anmyeon-eup, Taean-gun, 26 viii 2015 (leg. Park, Shin, Kim, Nam), gen. slide no. HNUSEL- 5622-coll. KNAE.

    Distribution. Korea (new record), Japan.

    Host plants.Viburnum erosum Thunb., V. sieboldi Miq. [Caprifoliaceae] (Kumata, 1963; De Prins and De Prins, 2006- 2021).

    Cameraria niphonica Kumata, 1963 청시닥가는나방 (신칭) (Fig. 1C, 2C, 2D-E)

    Cameraria niphonica Kumata, 1963: 35-37. TL: Kyūshū, Japan. TD: ELKU (Holotype); EIHU (Paratypes).

    Adult (Fig. 1C). Wingspan 6.5 mm. Head white; maxillary palpus white, minute and somewhat reduced; labial palpus with rough scale of fuscous and white; antenna white except for grayish dorsal side; scape white with a tuft of fuscous scales on below. Thorax fuscous and white; legs white and fuscous; fore femur and tibia white with fuscous ventral part; tarsus white with apical fuscous bands.

    Forewing ground color goldish orange ochreous with white fasciae; a narrow median basal white streak as long as vertical length of forewing at base; first white fascia at 1/4 to base, bent near costal margin and forming acute angle to outward; second fascia on middle of forewing and more bent than first one; a short white costal stria on 2/3 to base; a white dorsal stria curved rectangularly, reached to outward and extend to apex.

    Male genitalia (Fig. 2C). Tegumen elongated and narrowed to apex with long setae. Valva narrow and slender, 1.3 times longer than tegumen, slightly drooped and apex rounded; long and slender setae on median to apex not much densely. Vinculum triangular without saccus. Aedeagus bar-shaped and sclerotized to apex with membranous and enlarged base. 9th sternite short and reduced with highly bifurcated apical part.

    Female genitalia (Fig. 2D-E). Papillae anales sclerotized and apex somewhat acute with long and slender caudal setae; apophyses anteriores 1.2 times longer than apophyses posteriores. Ostium bursae large in opening size with slightly sclerotized antrum. Ductus bursae long and slender. Corpus bursae with a sclerotized plate and cone-shaped projection in center.

    Material examined. [JN] 2♂, Mt. Baegun, Gwangyang-si, 12 vii 2012 (leg. BK Byun), gen. slide no. HNUSEL-5643, 5644-coll. HNU; [GB] 1♀, Mt. Tonggosan, Geumgangsongmyeon, Uljin-gun, 23 vi 2017 (leg. BS Park, SM Na, DJ Lee), gen. slide no. HNUSEL-5637-coll. INU.

    Distribution. Korea (new record), Japan, Russia.

    Host plants.Acer japonicum Thunb., A. palmatum Thunb. [Sapindaceae] in Japan (Kumata, 1963; De Prins and De Prins, 2006-2021). A. barbinerve Maxim., A. caudatum Wall., A. pseudosieboldianum (Pax) Kom. [Sapindaceae] in Russia (Ermolaev, 1979, 1988;Kirichenko et al., 2019; De Prins and De Prins, 2006-2021).

    Acknowledgements

    We thanks to Prof. Kyu-Tek Park (The Korean Academy of Science and Technology) for his preliminary work on the Korean Gracillariidae. We are also grateful to Prof. Yang-Seop Bae (Incheon National University) and Dr. Bong-Woo Lee (Korea National Arboretum) for providing specimens with access to examine specimens. Also, we would like to express our deep thanks to Miss Ji-Young Lee, Systematic Entomology Lab., Hannam University, for her help in preparing the manuscript and illustration of the adults and genitalic structures. This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) (grant number: NRF- 2021R1I1A2059745) and partially supported by the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIBR202204102).

    KJAE-61-2-313_F1.gif

    A-C. Adults of the genus Cameraria. A, Camerariaacericola, (gen. slide no. HNUSEL-5656); B, C. hikosanensis (gen. slide no. HNUSEL-5622); C, C. niphonica, (gen. slide no. HNUSEL-5644).

    KJAE-61-2-313_F2.gif

    A-E. Genitalia of the genus Cameraria. A, Camerariaacericola, male, (gen. slide no. HNUSEL-5656); B, C. hikosanensis male, (gen. slide no. HNUSEL-5622); C, C. niphonica, male, (gen. slide no. HNUSEL-5644); D, C. niphonica, female, (gen. slide no. HNUSEL-5637); E, ditto, ostium bursae. <scale bars: 0.5 mm>.

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    Vol. 40 No. 4 (2022.12)

    Journal Abbreviation Korean J. Appl. Entomol.
    Frequency Quarterly
    Doi Prefix 10.5656/KSAE
    Year of Launching 1962
    Publisher Korean Society of Applied Entomology
    Indexed/Tracked/Covered By