• Materials and Methods
• Systematic accounts
• Order Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758
• Discussion
• Acknowledgements

 Recently, Bae et al.(2008) reviewed a total of 349 species of Pyraloidea of Korea, to revise all the known species in Korea. Also, they enumerated the Korean species under the superfamily Pyraloidea, which was recently proposed taxonomic status(Minet, 1991). However, the two species, Daulia afralis Walker and Herpetogramma cynaralis Walker were not included in them(Bae et al., 2008), which are reported in this study.

 In this study, we report the two newly recorded species of Crambidae, including two females of Daulia afralis Walker and one female of Herpetogramma from Jeju islands located in the southern Korea. Also the genus Daulia is recorded for the first time from Korea.

Materials and Methods

 Materials examined in this study were collected from Jeju Island, southern part of the Korean peninsula and are deposited at the entomological collection of Hannam University (HUNHM). Among them, three specimens of Daulia afralis Walker were loaned to compare with Korean specimens from University of Osaka Prefecture, Osaka, Japan(UOP). All available genitalia were mounted on slide glass with Euparal mountant. The illustrations for each species were taken by digital camera, Nikon attached on the microscope, Carl Zeiss Axio Imager A1. The color standard for the description of adults was based on “Methuen Handbook of Colour” (Kornerup and Wanscher, 1978). Abbreviations used in this study are as follows: gen. sl. no.: genitalia slide number; TS: type species.

Systematic accounts

Order Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758

Order Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758
Family Crambidae Latreille, 1810

Genus Daulia Walker, 1859. TS: Daulia afralis Walker, 1859 Girtexta Swinhoe, 1890. TS: Girtexa argentuosalis Hampson, 1897

 Genus Daulia was established by Walker (1859), based on Daulia afralis Walker (= Girtexa argentuosalis Hampson). In adult, its head and vertex is covered with light brownish yellow scales. The costa of forewing is straight with slightly arched area near costa. It is rather characteristic in having a group of metallic spots near the dorsum of forewing. It is distributed in the Oriental region, including Southeast.

Daulia afralis Walker 금흰줄포충나방 (신칭) (Figs. 1, 3, 4) Daulia afralis Walker, 1859, List Specimens lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 19 : 975. Type locality: Borneo, Sarawak. Girtexta argentuosalis Swinhoe, 1890, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1890: 286.

Figs. 1-2. Adults: 1 Daulia afralis Walker; 2 Herpetogramma cynaralis Walker.

Figs. 3-5. Male and female genitalia: 3 Male genitalia of Daulia afralis Walker; 3a ditto, aedeagus; 4 female genitalia of Daulia afralis Walker; 5 female genitalia of Herpetogramma cynaralis Walker. <scale bars: 1 mm>

Adult (Fig. 1). Wingspan 17mm in male, 19mm in female. Head and vertex covered with light brownish yellow scales. Thorax with light brownish yellow scales. Forewing with straight costa then slightly arched near costa; apex not acute; termen oblique; ground color yellowish brown; basal patch with light reddish brown reaching to basal 1/5; a dark reddish brown lines from 1.3 of costa to 1/3 of dorsum, a short line on middle then another short line below the cell towards dorsum; a long fascia from 3/4 of costa slightly curved the end of cell then arched outwardly reaching to 3/4 of width of forewing; a white wide line developed along termen; cilia light grayish brown. Hindwing with light yellow, rather white on the upper area; a short light reddish brown line on 1/3 of forewing, 1/2 and from near subapex to tornus, somewhat broad white fascia developed along the area near termen; an apparent metallic blackish pattern on the middle of dorsum. Cilia grayish brown.

Male genitalia (Fig. 3). Uncus wide, rounded terminally, with numerous small bristles from middle to the top. Valva broad, expanded, with well sclerotized costa towards apex; a well sclerotized thorn shaped process on basal 1/3 at middle; sacculus weakly sclerotized with numerous short hairs ventrally.

Female genitalia (Fig. 4). Papillae analis narrow with many moderate hairs. Apophyses anteriores thick as long as apophyses posteriores. Ostium bursae wide, well sclerotized. Ductus bursae short as long as 1/3 of corpus bursae, very strongly sclerotized from ostium bursae to beyond middle. Coprus bursae sack-shape, with numerous tiny spines from entrance to the middle around it, with no signum.

Material examined. [JJ] 1♀, Tamra Univ., Seoguipo, JJ, Korea, N33°16′55″.6, E126°27′22″.8, 16.VII.2010 (S.S.Kim)-gen. sl. no. 123; 1♀, Tamra Univ., Seoguipo, JJ, Korea, N33°18′19″.99, E126°34′09″.28, 17.VII.2010 (S.S.Kim)-gen. sl. no. 122-coll. HUNHM; 1♂, Yona, Okinawa Pref., Japan, 14.V.1998 (L.T.), R. Sato, leg.-gen. sl. no.-L003; 1♀, ditto, 15.V.1998(L.T.), R. Sato, leg.-gen. sl. no.-L001; 1♂, [Ryukyus] Yona, Kunigami, Okinawa-hontou, Japan, 15-18.V.1998, T. Ohno-gen. sl. no.-L002-coll. UOP. 

Distribution. Korea (new record), Japan, China, Taiwan, India, Myanmar, Malaysia.

Remarks. Nye & Fletcher (1991) stated “Daulia established in the Pyralidae; it was used for a new species Daulia treicleiota Bethune-Baker, 1911, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8)8: 544, placed in the Tineidae but currently placed in the Cossidae. Daulia and D. indecora were transferred to the Tineidae by Becker & Robinson, 1981, Syst. Ent. 6: 144”. (Nye and Fletcher, 1991). However, the genus was later placed under the subfamily Pyraustinae of family Pyralidae (Inoue, 1982). Recently the subfamily Pyraustinae was treated as member of the family Crambidae (Munroe and Solis, 1999).

Genus Herpetogramma Lederer, 1863. TS: Herpetogramma servalis Lederer, 1863
Pachyzancla Meyrick, 1884. TS: Botys mutualis Zeller, 1852
Acharana Moore, 1885. TS: Botys otreusalis Walker, 1859
Stenomeles Warren, 1892. TS: Botys agavealis Walker, 1859
Piloptila Swinhoe, 1894. TS: Piloptila bigricornalis Swinhoe, 1894.
Pantoeocome Warren, 1896. TS: Pantoeocome deformis Warren, 1896
Ptiloptila Hampson, 1899, misspel.
Macrobotys Munroe, 1950. TS: Botys aeglealis Walker, 1859
Coremataria Amsel, 1956. TS: Botys infuscalis Guenée, 1854.
Culcitaria Amsel, 1970. TS: Culcita djiroftella Amsel, 1959

Herpetogramma cynaralis Walker 앞점노랑포충나방 (신칭) (Figs. 2, 5)
Botys cynaralis Walker, 1859, List Specimens lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 18: 672.

Adult (Fig. 2). Wingspan 20mm in female. Head and vertex with light brownish yellow; antenna long reaching to 3/4 of costa of forewing. Thorax pale brownish yellow. Forewing with straight costa, then slightly arched towards apex; ground color pale yellow, rather dark along the costa, a small black spots on 1/4 of costa, 1/3 of subcosta; an apparent blackish spot on middle near costa; four tiny spots dotted from 2/3 of costa to middle vertically, then dotted from the middle to 2/3 of width of forewing; a broad grayish black fascia from apex then running towards dorsum. Cilia light grayish brown. Hindwing similar with forewing in pattern, with several small spots along termen.

Male genitalia. Unknown.

 Female genitalia (Fig. 5). Papillae anales short, narrow, covering with numerous short hairs. Apophyses anteriores short as long as half of apophyses posteriores. Ostium bursae wide, rounded. Ductus bursae very short, slightly twisted at entrance. Corpus bursae long sack-shaped, as long as 9 times of dusctus bursae, slightly sclerotized around entrance, coverng with minute spines to basal 1/3.

Material examined. [JJ] 1♀, Tamra Univ., 1,100 Road, 13.IX.2008, Seoguipo, JJ, Korea, (S.S.Kim)-gen. sl. no. 121(S.S. Kim)-coll. HUNHM.

 Distribution. Korea (new record), Japan, China, Taiwan, India, Malaysia, Australia.

Discussion

 In this study, two species of Crambidae, Daulia afralis Walker and Herpetogramma cynaralis Walker, are reported for the first time from Korea. Among them, Daulia afralis Walker has been known from Southeast Asia, including southern area of Japan and China. And Herpetogramma cynaralis Walker is distributed from southern area of Japan to Australia. In this study, the two species were collected from Jeju, southern area of the Korean peninsula. It can be expected that the species will be used as indicator species for monitoring the climate change for the time being.

Acknowledgements

 The corresponding author would like to express his deep thanks to Prof. T. Hirowatari, University of Osaka Prefecture, Japan for his loan of the material for this study. This study was carried out with the support of Forest Science & Technology Projects (Project No. S121212L110110) provided by Korea Forest Service